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• Shell
• File write
• File read

Shell

This executable can spawn an interactive system shell.

• Unprivileged

  This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.

  nano
  ^R^X
  reset; sh 1>&0 2>&0

  Sudo

  This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

  Remarks

  If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....

  nano
  ^R^X
  reset; sh 1>&0 2>&0

  SUID

  This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

  Remarks

  This executable runs commands using the system shell, e.g., via functions like system, so it only works for distributions where the shell does not drop SUID privileges.

  nano
  ^R^X
  reset; sh 1>&0 2>&0

• Comment

  The SPELL environment variable can be used in place of the -s option if the command line cannot be changed.

  Unprivileged

  This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.

  nano -s /bin/sh
  /bin/sh
  ^T^T

  Sudo

  This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

  Remarks

  If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....

  nano -s /bin/sh
  /bin/sh
  ^T^T

  SUID

  This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

  Remarks

  This executable runs commands directly, e.g., via functions like exec, remember to omit the -p argument of every /bin/sh invocation for distributions where the default shell does not drop SUID privileges.

  nano -s /bin/sh
  /bin/sh
  ^T^T

File write

This executable can write data to local files.

• Unprivileged

  This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.

  nano /path/to/output-file
  DATA
  ^O

  Sudo

  This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

  Remarks

  If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....

  nano /path/to/output-file
  DATA
  ^O

  SUID

  This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

  nano /path/to/output-file
  DATA
  ^O

File read

This executable can read data from local files.

• Comment

  The file content is displayed in the terminal interface.

  Unprivileged

  This function can be performed by any unprivileged user.

  nano /path/to/input-file

  Sudo

  This function is performed by the privileged user if executed via sudo because the acquired privileges are not dropped.

  Remarks

  If there are environment variables involved, they must be passed via sudo VAR=value ... or exported then sudo -E ....

  nano /path/to/input-file

  SUID

  This function is performed by the privileged user if the executable has the SUID bit set and the right ownership because the effective privileges are not dropped.

  nano /path/to/input-file

  Remarks

  The content is corrupted or otherwise altered by the process, thus it might not be suitable for handling arbitrary binary data.

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